- Supply chain finance (SCF)
- An arrangement that leans on a large buyer's credit standing so suppliers can be paid early on approved invoices, improving cash flow across the chain.
- Anchor obligor
- The buyer or parent company holding the credit limit at the bank and responsible for payment at maturity.
- Payment order
- Ecotam's core credit instrument: a dated commitment to pay, issued by the buyer against an approved invoice.
- Electronic draft
- An electronic trade instrument accepted by the bank on the buyer's credit, transferable and eligible for discounting.
- Discounting
- Converting part of an instrument to cash before maturity, against a cost proportional to the remaining days. In Ecotam, 10% to 30% of the amount is eligible per chain cycle.
- Days sales outstanding (DSO)
- The average number of days it takes a seller to collect payment. Lower is better for cash flow.
- Days payable outstanding (DPO)
- The average number of days a buyer has before paying suppliers. Higher frees up buyer liquidity.
- Multi-tier finance
- Extending credit beyond the direct supplier to the supplier's own suppliers, tier by tier along the chain.
- Working capital
- The cash needed to run day-to-day operations — the gap between paying suppliers and collecting from customers.
- Credit and capacity assessment
- The review of an applicant's ability to repay and scale of activity, which sets the credit ceiling.
- Reverse factoring
- Another name for supply chain finance. It is "reverse" because, unlike factoring, the buyer sets it up rather than the seller.
- Factoring
- The seller sells its own receivables to a financier, priced on the seller's credit standing.
- Dynamic discounting
- Early payment funded from the buyer's own cash in exchange for a discount, at a rate that rises the earlier the payment lands.
- Procure-to-pay cycle
- The full path from purchase order to supplier payment — where most of a company's idle working capital gets trapped.
- Partial purchase
- Financing and settling part of an invoice rather than its full value — used for staged deliveries and purchases where only a portion is on credit.
- Tolerance
- The agreed margin between the original invoice amount and the final settled amount, for trades where delivered quantity or weight is not exactly fixed — bulk goods, agricultural produce or commodity exchange deals.
- Commitment-based and facility-based payment
- Settling one transaction from two sources: part on the buyer's payment commitment and part from a bank instalment facility. The structure behind Senf-No Plus.